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P. KING.

SBONDAR'Y BATTERY.

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F. KING. SEGONDARY BATTERY.

PatentedJuly 3, 1888! (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

P KING SEGONDARY BATTERY..

No. 385,558. Patented July 3, 1888.

Miran STATES Arena* rrrcrs.

FRANK KING, OF FULHAM, COUNTY OF h/IDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

ECON DARY BATTERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 385,558, dated July 3,1888.

Application filed April 4, ISS-8. Serial Na. 9.179.605. (No modehiPatentcd in England December 10, 1887, No. 17,047.

To aZZ whom it may concel'n:

Be it known that 1, FRANK KING, a subject of the Queen of Great Britainand Ireland, and a resident of Fulham, in the county of Middlesex,England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements. in SecondaryBatteries, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in Great Britain,No. 17,047, dated December 10, 1887,) of which the following is aspecification.

My invention is an improvement in secondary batteries.

The improvcmentrelates to the arrangement or construction of the batterywhereby the two series of plates of oppositc name or Character isticsare firmly, compactly, and dnrably asscinbled together to form the twoelements of the couple,while one element maybe removed withoutdisturbing the other.

The object of 1ny improvemcnt is to pre- Vent buckling` of thepositive-pole plates when such plates are subjected to overdischarge orill usage, as sometimes happens, and to provide for rcmoving said platesfor repair or substitution.

I have shown and described my inveution as applied to a battery in whichplates of lead containing numerous cells or perforations are pasted withan oxide of lead. One series of snch plates are provided withprojections at their lower corners. The projections on each of thesecorners are united by burning 77 to a strip of the same material, sothat they are iirnily united, a regular interval or space beingmaintained between each pair of plates. There are similar projections oneach side about midway the distancc to the top corners, and theprojecting lugs on one of the upper Corners are likcwise united. Thisarrangeinent provides at five points forfirmly and dnrably uniting withconsiderable mechanical strength the hydrogen, spongy metallic lead, ornegative-pole plates. The pcroXide or positivepole plates are onlyunited in two placesat the lugs projecting` from an upper corner and ata point on the upper edge between the corners. They are provided withprojections between the upper and lower corners on the edge of theplates,\vliieh rest upon the bars of lead uniting the firstnamed plates.Suitable sections of insulating material are used to elec- 'tricallyseparate them at these points.

For separators I use two parallel strips of insnlating material unitedat one end like a hair-pin or tuning-fork. These are slipped onto theperoxide plates and held in position by a notch or by notches in or onsaid plates.

The accompanylng drawings illustrate my iuvention.

Figure 1 is a complete perspective view. Fig. 2is a section parallelwith a plate or element. Fig. 3 is a cross-section. Fig. li is a planview showing details in position. Fig. 5 is a view of the Separatoremploycd in this arrangement, and Fig'. 6 is a section of insulatingmaterial upon a series of which the plates of one element rest.

The two elements M and N are composed of a series of perforated leadplates, each perforation containing an active or absorptive material, asan oXide of lead. The plates are arranged alternately or interleaved,and they are immersed in an electrolytic liquid within acontaining-cell, O. These interleaved plates are neccssarily separatedby insnlating niaterial. 1 prefer to use separators in the form ofparallel strips united at one end, I), Fig. 5, and theplates arenotched, as at a, to prevent displacement of these separators, which areplaced on the plates forming` one element, N, so that the two parallelpieces are upon opposite sides of the plate. I prefer to use hard rubberfor this pnrpose.

There are usually more plates in the negative than in the positiveelement. As shown, there are three positives and four negatives. Thesepositives are sometimes deformed by unfavorable conditions, ignorance,or abuse, and in such cases it becomcs necessary to temporarily removethem, besides providing` means to prevent this deformation or buckling.To make a meehanically strong pile, while at the same time allowing oneelement to be removed without disturbing the other, I unite the seriesof plates forming the negative element in five places by lugs or stripsof lead, as at a b c (Z e.

d and e are at the bottom of feet or projections, which raise the platesfrom the bottom of the cell and afford free circulation for the liquid.The plates forming the other element, M, are united at two points only,:r and 9/, and they are furnished with projections, as shown at h h',which rest upon the straps b and c,

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uniting the first-named series of plates, thus suspending the plates ofelement M above the bottom of the cell, so that finely-divided leaddropping out of the perforations and falling to the bottom of the cellcannot electrically unite the two elements. At points where theprojections h 71,' rest upon the straps or lugs of the other element Iplace saddles i, of insulating material, as hard rubber. (Shown in Fig.6.)

Itisintended that the element M, united electrically and niechanioallyat five points, shall remain fixed in position, and that by placing onehand upon each strap w and y of the element N that element may bereadily removed, repaired, and replaced.

The lugs Z and Z' form the electrical terminals of the cell.

lVhat I clain1,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a secondary battery, an element consisting of two or more platesmechanically' united at two or more points, combined with a secondelement consisting of plates interleaved or alternating with the platesof the first element, both elements being located in an inclosing-cellcontaining an electrolytic liquid.

2. In a secondary battery, the combination of two series of verticall ydisposed plates forming the two elements, one series having feet orprojections at the lower edge thereof to provide free circulation forthe electrolyte, the second series of plates having projections restingupon the first series, but insnlated therefrom, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a secondary battery,two or more plates or elements having` feet orprojections at the lower Corners thereof, combined with strips ofconducting material uniting such projections and secnring them at auniforin distan ce, substantially as described.

4. In a secondary battery,two or more plates or elements united at oneor more points intermediate the upper and lower edges by bars or stripsof conducting1naterial,wherehy they are united and secured at a uniformdistance apart.

5. In a secondary battery, two or more plates mechanically securedtogether at two or more points below the upper edge thereof, wherebythey are maintained at a uniform distance with respect to each other.

6. In a secondary battery,two or more plates mechanically andelectrically united at two ois more points upon or in proxiinity to theupper edge, in combination with two or more plates alternating therewithand electrically united at two or more points below the upper edge,substant-ially as described.

7. In a secondary battery, the combination of two series of platesforuiing the two elements of the battery interleaved or alternating witheach other, one series being niechanically and electrically united attwo or more points between the upper and lower edges, the other seriesbeing` mechanically and electrically united at or about their upper edgeand having projeotions resting upon the first-named series, whereby theyare supported in a movable position, snbstantially as described'.

8. In a secondary battery, the combination of two series of platesalternaling with each other and forming, rcspectively, the two elements,one series being mechanically and electrically united at two or morepoints below their upper edge, the other series being similarly unitedat two or more points above the points of union in the first plates andhaving projections rcsting upon the first plates, but insulatedthcrel'roin.

9. In a secondary battery, the combination of two series ofve1ticallydisposedinterleaved plates forming the two elements, oneseries being supported by the other, but insulated therefrom,substantially as described.

10. In a secondary battery, two or more plates or elements and one ormore separators therefor, each consisting of a separate and independentpair ofstrips ofinsulating material. located, rcspectively, uponopposite sides of a plate and united at the upper ends, whereby saidSeparator may be remove'd and replaced without disturbing the elements.

ll. In a secondary battery, the combination of a plate or element andone or more separators therefor, each consisting of a separate andindependent pair of strips of insulat'ing material united at one end,and one or more notches or seats fornied in said plates to receive saidseparators and prevent displacemeut thereof, substantially as described.

FRANK KING.

Vitnesses:

CHARLEs HENRY DENNis, H. DILL, Bothy of 4 Great llfnchestcr Street, E.O.

